A shortfilm is any film not long enough to be considered a feature film. No consensus exists as to where that boundary is drawn: the Academy of Motion picture Arts and Sciences defines a short film as "an original motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes or less, including all credits".
The North American definition tends to focus much more on character whereas the European and Australasian forms tend to depend much more on visual drama and plot twists. In this way, the North American form can be understood to be a derivation of the feature film form, usually acting as a platform for aspirant Hollywood directors. Elsewhere, short films tend to work as showcases for cinematographers and commercial directors.
Short films are by no means considered mainstream, due to the opportunity which is provided to explore unusual plots, characters etc. They're contemporary non-commercial motion pictures that are substantially shorter than the average commercial feature film. This fact gives you far more freedom on how to structure a short film. You have no restrictions, and so the possibilitiies are endless!
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